A French seam is a a finishing technique that allows a neat finish inside a garment, by hiding the seam allowance. Sew a first seam close to the edge (for example 0,5cm/0.2” from the edge), placing the two pieces wrong sides facing, then turn your work over (right sides facing) and sew a second (and final) seam 1cm/0.4” from the edge, that will lock the seam allowance of the first seam inside.
Note that, with the values taken as exammple in this explanation, you have to prepare wide seam allowances (0,5cm+1cm=1,5cm) when the fabric is cut. In our patterns, when French seams are recommended, the seam allowance is already the right width where needed.